Maris, J.H. Maris, Jacob Maris born 1837-1899

Maris\' paternal grandfather was a soldier from Bohemia called Wenzel Maresch, who settled in The Hague after the Napoleonic wars. He made his home in Holland under the name of Marris or Maris and it was the latter form that his descendants adopted. His son as a printer in The Hague and had to work hard to bring up his five children - three brothers who were painters and two daughters, who married and had children, but who died following an epidemic. The artistic talents of the three brothers were greatly encouraged by their father. Jacob studied at he academy of art in The Hague from the age of 12, and in 1853 he was placed as a student with Huib van Hove. Van Hove took Jacob with him to Antwerp in 1855. He was later joined by his brother Matthijs, who , having been recommended to the Queen of the Netherlands, had been given a grant by the monarch in order to pursue his studies. The two brother were friends of Lawrence Alma-Tadema, who was studying a the Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten in Antwerp at that time, and the three future masters shared lodgings in 1855. In 1860 Jacob and Matthijs travelled around Germany and Switzerland. They went to Paris in 1865, and Jacob studied for some time under Hebert at e Ecole des Beaux-Arts, where his work was influenced by Corot, Jongkind and the Fontainebleau school. He also studied under Stoebel and Louis Mayer. They were in Paris at the time of the Franco-Prussion war (1870-1871) and Jacob left the cit after the seige. He was married with a family and suffered a great deal during the war. He then settled in The Hague. Success came for him, however, througth the backing of a French company. The firm of fine art dealers, Goupil, had a branch on the Boulevard Montmartre in Paris, run by two enlightened Dutch dealers, Van Wisseling and Theo van Gogh, brother of Vincent. In its branch in the Hague (run by H.G. Tersteeg) this company - which in Paris promoted works by avant-garde painters like Claude Monet, and such artists as Corot and Millet, who were still regarded as controversial - began to sell lpaintings by Maris, Israels and Mauve. Several great English and Scottish collectors became interested in works byJacob Maris, and Dutch people living abroad also started to collect his works. In 1899 his deteriorating health compelled him to journey to Karlsbad to take the waters, and he died there. His body was embalmed and brought back to his birthplace, wher he was buried with great ceremony on 14 August 1899. Maris exhibited his work at the Paris Salon from 1866, receiving an honourable mention in 1884 and a gold medal in the Exposition Universelle of 1889. He first exhibited genre subjects at the Paris Salon, such as Little Italian Girl in 1866 and then rustic subjects and landscapes, such as Potato Harvest on the Banks of the Rhine in Holland in 1868, and Woman Knitting and Sick Child in 1869, Young Woman Reading a Letter and Ferry-boat in 1870. After the wr he hibited Dutch subjects, including Dutch Village in 1872, Canal in Holland in 1873, View of Amsterdam in 1874, Charence, Baby and Small Cat in 1877. Maris\' work has featured in several group an temeed exhibitions including De Haagse School: Aquarellen uit de verzameling Drucker-Fraser (The Hague School. Watercolours from the Drucker-Fraser Collection) at the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, in 2002. ==================================================================== Deutsch==== Jacob Hendricus Maris ( 25. August 1838 in Den Haag; † 7. August 1899 in Karlsbad) war ein niederländischer Kunstmaler des Impressionismus der Haager Schule. Daneben war er auch Radierer und Lithograph. Jacob war der älteste von drei Brüdern, die anderen Geschwister waren Matthijs Maris und Willem Maris. Sie hatten noch eine ältere Schwester, Henriette. Der Großvater Wenzel Maresch stammte aus Prag, heiratete Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts die Amsterdamerin Metge Smit und ließ sich mit ihr in Den Haag nieder. 1809 wurde Sohn Jacob Maris Mattheus geboren und unter dem Familiennamen Marris eingetragen. Später nannte sich die Familie Maris. Mattheus heiratete Hendrika Bloemert, und da er Druckermeister war, kamen die Kinder früh mit Kunstdrucken der alten Meister in Berührung, die sie bewunderten und nachzuahmen versuchten. So wurde ihr Talent früh entdeckt. Jacob war der Erfolgreichste der drei Brüder, gleichwohl Matthijs als der Begabteste gilt. Jacob besuchte zunächst die Koninklijke Academie van Beeldende Kunsten (Königliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste) in Den Haag, wo er von J.A.B. Stroebel unterrichtet wurde. Ab 1855 besuchte er die Antwerpsche schilderschool (heute: Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten te Antwerpen), wo er Schüler von Nicaise de Keyser war und anschließend bei Hubert Van Hove in die Lehre ging. Maris malte ganz im Stil und in der Tradition der von ihm so bewunderten Künstler des 17. Jahrhunderts. Anfänglich widmete er sich vor allem der Darstellung von Figuren, begann aber nach 1872 mit der Landschaftsmalerei in den typischen Farben der von Jozef Israëls um 1870 in Den Haag gegründeten Haager Schule, der er sich zusammen mit seinen Brüdern anschloss. Charakteristisch für die Haager Schule sind insbesondere Werke, die Ähnlichkeiten zur Schule von Barbizon aufweisen. Maris entwickelte dort sein typisches Kolorit, das durch neblig-graue und braune Farben gekennzeichnet ist. Er hatte großen Einfluss auf seine Zeitgenossen unter den niederländischen Malern. Er ließ sich in der Den Haager Künstlerkolonie Landgut Oosterbeek nieder (das als niederländisches Barbizon gilt), wo er mit Anton Mauve, Gerard und Johannes Bilders zusammenarbeitete. Abgesehen von einer Rheinreise mit seinem Bruder Matthijs und einem Parisaufenthalt von 1865 bis 1871 wirkte Jacob Maris in Den Haag. Maris starb unerwartete im Alter von 61 Jahren während einer Kur in Karlsbad.

Kunstenaars Collectie   (1 Afbeeldingen)