Dali, Salvador Dali, born 1904-1989

Dalí was born in Figueres , a small town at the foot of the Pyrenees , about 25 kilometers from the French border, in Catalonia ( Spain ) on May 11, 1904. He had a sister, Anna Maria (1908-1989), who in 1949 wrote a book about her brother. Salvador\'s elder brother, also called Salvador, was born on October 12, 1901, but died on August 1, 1903, nine months before the birth of Salvador. [1] At the age of ten, Dalí received his first drawing instruction from a friend of his father, the Impressionist painter Ramón Pichet (1872-1925). His first exhibition took place in 1918 in the city theater of Figueres. In his younger years Dalí was interested in painters such as El Greco , Francisco Goya , Michelangelo and Diego Velázquez . He focused his attention on Impressionism and Cubism at that time . Salvador Dalí studied in Madrid from 1921 to 1924. Already at that time he was, probably to focus on himself, an eccentric figure. In 1926 he went to Paris . There he met Pablo Picasso and André Breton . In 1929 he was welcomed by Breton and he joined surrealism . He collaborated with, among others, the director Luis Buñuel . In August 1929, Gala , her husband Paul Éluard and some friends visited Dalí in Portlligat, near Cadaqués . It was love at first sight for Dalí and Gala. Gala then divorced from Éluard and married in 1934 for the law with Dalí. The Spanish Republic allowed for divorce for the first time, and for the first time also had a civil wedding. Only in 1958 their church wedding in Montrejic was consecrated, after the death of Paul Éluard. It was rumored that Dalí had a phobia of female genitalia. Even before Dalí and Gala met, he had a very close friendship with the homosexual poet Federico García Lorca., who twice sought in vain sexual contact with Dalí. [2] Their friendship ended, however, after the movie Un chien andalou by Luis Buñuel and Dalí came out. García Lorca regarded this film as a personal attack on him. In 1936 Dalí\'s commentary on the death of García Lorca was in a nationalist prison: \"Lorca died in a way that suits him.\" [3] In the summer of 1940 he settled in the United States after a flight from France occupied by the German Empire , where he would live for 15 years. In 1955 he returned to Spain. This period is known as its \"classic\" period. In this he expressed his thoughts about the sciences and his deep Catholic faith. In this time Dalí made a series of 18 large paintings. He also made some art jewels. After the Second World War he returned with Gala from his self-chosen exile to Europe; first in Portugal, later in Italy. In 1948 Salvador Dalí started a collaboration with Italian film and theater director Luchino Visconti in Rome to arrange a performance of William Shakespeare\'s pastoral comedy As You Like It . Dalí designed the decors and costumes for this. Prior to the war, he had supported the Franco Franco rebellion and other officers, which led to the Spanish Civil War , although Dalí would not visit Spain for a long time, and congratulated the generalissimo with other artists on the victory of the Spanish nationalists in 1939. [3 ] In New York , he repeatedly prayed in the Saint Patrick\'s Cathedral in the 1940s for the Caudillo and his Spanish state. [3] In the US Dalí worked for years as a consultant and draftsman for the famous Walt Disney . [3] Dalí was later follower of alfonsistische monarchists - he himself called themselves anarcho-monarchist [3] - the Spanish King Juan Carlos in the nobility exalted. He and Gala were Marquis and Marquise de Dalí de Pubol. Earlier he was already included in the Order of Isabella the Catholic . The noble title disappeared with Dalí in the grave, since no children were known to him. In 1981 he was decorated with the Medalla d\'Or de la Generalitat de Catalunya , the highest Catalan award. Dalí was also known for his mustache, which was thin and elongated. As antennae both muzzle points were up or curled. Dalí claimed that he received inspiration from the cosmos through his whiskers. His mustache was inspired by that of another world famous Spanish painter, Diego Velázquez . [4] In 1982 his wife and lifelong muse Elena Djakonova died , 89 years old. On January 23, 1989, Dalí died of a cardiac arrest in the Galatea Tower of the Dalí Theater Museum in Figueres, where he lived the last years of his life. He was buried here in a crypt under the stage.

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